Hydraulic regulating-nozzle.



Patented Oct. 30, I909. W. A. DGBLE.

HYBFSAULEC REGULM'SNG MBZZLE.

(Application filed Oct. 17, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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To alZ whom it rim/y concerns.-

Be it known that l, Wrnnran A. Donna, citizen of the United States, residing at San Francisco, county of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Regulus mgr-Nozzles; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawiugsfiorming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to hydraulic nozzles for discharging a varying amount of water for power and other purposes, commonly called regulating-nozzles, especially applicable to tangential or jet water-wheels, and to certain "improvements in such nozzles that will maintain the solidity of the stream of water discharged irrespective of its size.

My improvements consist in discharging the water through an annulus around a spindleshaped core that acts also as a valve to open, close the issue, and regulatethe amount of water discharged, and in so constructing; the nozzle-chamber and spindle-shaped covet-' it the water will approach the point of issue a gradually-accelerated rate of flow and he discharged by easy curves tangential to the interior curved faces of the nozzle and the an terior curved faces of the central core, so as to follow the latter to the point thereof.

My invention also consists in a means of supporting this central core Without guides within the waterrpassage oi the nozzle so it will automatically assume and maintain a concentric position in the nozzle chamher and in means to quickly withdraw and advance this core-piece as a throttling and regulating valve and to clear the discharge-way when obstructed; also,in balancing hydrostatically, as nearly as possible, the thrust upon the corepiece.

' The objects of my invention are to provide a hydraulic nozzle that will discharge a solid stream of ater throughout a Wide range of volume or capacity and to avoid the distn'rlof ance of such jets by friction on their exterior;

and consequent greater'velocity at the cen-' ter; also, meansof instantly clearing the nozzle in case of obstruction, and oihcr objects, hereinafter more particularly ooint'ed out in the specification to follow and illustrated in the drawings forming a part thereof.

Referring to these drawings, Figure I is an elevation oi one of niy improved nozzles adapt 1 ed for use in driving a tangential water-Wheel with the nozzle closed by the interior core. ii is a central horizontal section through Fl i. Fig. Ill is an enlarged section through the nozzle, showing more clearly the contour of the surfaces over which the water passes, the core being in the position talren when in the'inediuin position for discharge.

Similar characters of reference indicate correspondingparts in the several figures.

It is well known that the effect produced by water issuing from nozzles under pressure, especially-in jets-applied to watcr whccls, is greatly impaired ii the speed and volume are changed by altering'the initial pressure or by throttling devices for the purpose of regulation; also, that varying the section of such nozzles bythe nsnal devices to regulate the amount of Water discharged sets up disturb ances that break up the integrity or solidity of the stream. To obviate these objections, 1 construct regulati'ng'nozsles as illustrated in the drawings, now to he referred to.

The main nozzle 1 when arranged to discharge beneath a tangential watewwheel in the usual manner is preferably tapered and made in a curved form, as shown in section, Fig. l1, and is preferably provided with a detachable converging tip 2, that can he enewed in case oi wear by scour or otherwise;

also, to enable this part to be made of a harder or different metal, if desired. -The flange 3 is connected to the main supply-pipe,

and the nozzle is supported on the stands 4. and 5, preferably cast integral with the main part 1, or this latter can he held in various ways+-for example, by a radial flange to be attached to the side of an inclosing case or frame in which the smaller sizes of tangential water-wheels are commonly mounted.

In the center of the nozzle at its issuing end I place a spindle-formed core 6, held by a flexible rod 7, made integral 'with or at tached to acoinpensating piston 8, that. is

moved outward or inward oya lever 9 and links 10, as seen in Figs. I and II. A lever 9 is usually employed to give a quick movement to the piston 8 and the core-point 6 and in case the issue should become clogged by solids carried in the water; also, for suddenly starting and stopping a wheel on which.

the water is being discharged. The range of the lever 9 each way and also to certain points for regulation of the amount of water dzisr charged can be determined by stops, a sector-scale, or in any other suitablemanner, or the lever can be substituted by a screw. Such devices being a matter of common knowledge and use and requiring modifica tion in many cases are not illustrated in the drawings. The piston 8 is provided with-a packing-gland 12 andis usually made with a sectional area suflicient to balance the thrust on the core-piece 6 when the latter is at an average'working position, or as shown in Fig. III, and thus reduces the thrust on the lever 9 and enables regulation to be performed within the force capable of being exerted by centrifugal or other regulating apparatus of the common kind. The core-piece 6 being held by the rod 7, .it will without lateral guides that cause obstruction and dis.- turb the flow automatically assume and retain a concentric position in the nozzle-tip 2 and in the chamber 13, as shown in Fig. II. The chamber 13 14 is without obstruction preferably tapered gradually from the flange 3 to the point of issue around the core-piece 6 to cause a grad'ually-accelerated movement of the water as it approaches the point of discharge, andthe curve of the inner surface of the nozzle-tip 2 and thecui-veof' the outer surface of the core piece 6 are coincident when intheir working positions, as shown in Fig. 11-1,. where the water 1 5 is as it appears in operating. The water isthus discharged in an annulus with nearly equal frictional retardat-ion or resistance on the outer and inner surfaces-of this annulus and is gradually directed by easy curves to a solid form at the point a and retainsthat form for a longer distance than if discharged in a solid stream from a common nozzle.

The jet or stream can be increased or d'iminished in size without disturbing its solidity at a, and, as may be seen, the core-piece 6 when thrust forward closes the issue and forms an effective and convenient stop-valve.

Also in working if the annular issue is obstructed by any kind'of solids that enter with the water these will at once escape by drawing back the core-piece 6 and opening the discharge-orifice, after which the core can be returned to itsworking position.

The projection of the core-piece 6, the surfaces of which are of a'suitable curve, providing a center on which the stream can form" without disturbance into a solid jet of" the same or'a less diameter than the bore of the nozzle end or tip, prevents the entry of air or the formationof a partial vacuum within the jet, and also may have other effect such as viscous adhesion. The results have been arrived at by practical experiments that ineluded various modifications of form and proportion', the one illustrated having thus far proved the most satisfactory.

It will be understood that the main bodyof the nozzle can be made with a parallel bore or continuation of the supply-pipe and per- ;formthe same; energy of flow.

It will be observed that the form of the core 'at both ends conforms to what are called wave line curves that in practice present the least resistance to passage through water, "the same shape at the posterior end conforming to the condition. of preserving the gradually-diminishing bore of the nozzle and gradually accelerating the waters velocity as it approaches the point of discharge from the nozzle. In this manner it. will be seen that zlle in all working positions of the core-piece 6 is suchas to produceacontinually-accelerated flow as the water approaches the point of issue and that the course of the water where changed is guided by easy curves and with out disturbance, so a large or asmall stream can be discharged from the same nozzle and. maintain a solid form.

It will be understood thatv the, main fume.- tions of'myinvention, but in a less eflicienit manner, can be' attained by employingfrusthe curved surfaces for the core and nozzle without departing from theessenztial lentil res of my invention,.and' such construction, it demanded by cheapness, I include therein- Having thus explained the nature and ob.- jects of my invention and. manner of applying the same, what I claim. as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. Ahydraulic regulating-nozzle gradually tapering from" the bore of the main supplypipe toward its discharge end, convergent at the. tip in curved lines, a spindle-shaped core mounted therein,bounded by double reversed curves approximating, wave-lines, pointed at its outer end, and projectingat said. outer and through said convergent tip, leaving a conical. annular space between said convergent tip and. said core through which a convergent shell of water is discharged when the core is in position for discharge, substantially as specified. v

2. In a hydraulic regulating-nozzle, a main tube having a tapering bore,convergent at the tip in curved lines, aspindle-shaped core eon.-

reversed curves approximating wave-lines, projecting at its outer end through said convergent tip, the outercurves of said core be ing convergent in lines of similar con-vergency'tothe inner lines of the convergent. tip, whereby when the core is in the medium po- -sition for discharge the inner and outer tan.- gential lines of the cone-of discharge. between said core and tip areapproximately parallel, substantially as specified.

3. In a hydraulic regulating nozzle, a ta the section of the waterway through the noz-' turns of a. core or straight tapers instead. of

tra'lly mounted therein, bounded by double.

peri-ng main tube, a tip thereon converging in curved lines, a spindle-shaped core centrally mounted therein, pointed at its end, and pro jecting through and beyond the converging tip, said core bounded by double reversed curves approximating wave-lines, of similar convergency to the curved inner lines of the converging tip at the place of emergency from said tip, whereby when the core is in the medium position for discharge a conical. shell of discharge is formed having approximately parallel walls at the emergent point, substantially as specified.

4. In a hydraulic regulating-nozzle, a tapering main tube, a tip thereon converging in curved lines, a spindle-shaped core centrally mounted the-rein, pointed at the end, and projecting through and beyond the converging tip, said core bounded by double reverset" curves approximating wave-lines, of similar convergency to the curved inner lines of the converging tip at the place of emergency from said tip, and gradually becoming less convergent beyond the tip up to the terminal point, substantially as specified.

5. In a hydraulic regulating-nozzle, a lapering mai'n tube, a removable tip thereon converging in curved lines, a spindle-shaped core centrally mounted therein, bounded by double reversed curves approximating Wavelines, pointed at the end and projecting through and beyond said tip, with means external to said nozzle for moving said core back and forth to vary the discharge-aperture between said core and tip, substantially as specified.

6. A hydraulic regulating-nozzle converging at its discharge end, a spindle-shaped core bounded by double reversed cnryes approximating wave-lines mounted therein and projectingbeyond said dis-charge end, a balancing piston connected to said core, and means etiternal to the nozzle for moving both pistonand core longitudinally within the nozzle, substantially as specified.

7. A hydraulic nozzle converging at its discharge end, having a spindle-shaped core *qcentrally mounted therein by means of a flexible rod or stem permitting said core to assume a concentric position in said nozzle by the action of the water thereon, substam tially as specified. V

8. In ahydraulic regulating-nozzle'having a discharge end converging on. curved lines, a movable spindle-shaped core-piecemounted therein projectingthrough said discharge end, adapted. to open and close the same and. permit an annular discharge of Water'therefrom on lines tangential to the inner curved faces of the nozzle end and the anterior curved faces of the central core, in combination with a hydraulic balancing-piston connected to said core bya flexible rod or stem,

and means'to operate said piston and core, ubstantially as specified,

t In a hydraulic regulating-nozzle, a spindle-shaped core-piece adapted to open and close the issue of the nozzle, or permit a variable annular discharge therefrom, a removable inWardly-converging tip for the nozzle and a spindle-formed core mounted on aflexible rod that permits it to assume automatically by action of the water a concentric position Within the removable tip, substantially as specified. I

10. In a hydraulicregulating-nozzle, a removable converging nozzle-tip, a movable pointed core-piecetherein tapering each way;

with curved surfaces over which the water flows, a flexible support for the core-piece attached to a piston to balance the thrust of the cor'piece and external means to move the piston, all combined and operating substantially as described.

lln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of "ilwo subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM A. DOBLE.

ELMER Wronns 

